EFFICIENT USE OF CROP RESIDUES FOR PRODUCING ENERGY AND ENHANCING SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION AS CLIMATE SMART PRACTICES IN RURAL AREAS OF VIETNAM

This article presents results of research on the efficient use of crop residues in energy production and land carbon fixation in Ha Tinh, Yen Bai and Bac Lieu. MHH-IAE 003 was a product designed and tested by IAE, suitable for many kinds of materials such as: rice husk, sawdust, peanut husk, maize corn, wood chips. Compared to similar stoves, MHH-IAE 003 stove was more effective on heat management and air pollution reduction. Biochar get high organic carbon and CEC. The biochar was applied to soil, combined with changes in mineral fertilizers in experiments in Ha Tinh, Yen Bai, Bac Lieu. The experiment in Yen Bai showed that use of 1.5 tons of biochar per hectare increased corn yield and decreased 20% of chemical fertilizer. Rice in Bac Lieu also reached the similar results. The peanut experiment sites in Ha Tinh, with the same amount of NPK applied but the greater amount of biochar also got more productive than the other formulas. In 3 experiments, biochar method led to increase the amount of organic matter. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) was proportional to the amount of organic matter. Apply biochar increased soil carbon higher than convention. This research has initially led to a successful approach to changing farmer’s crop residue treatment methods, using with a new, more efficient and sustainable way of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.