GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG DURIAN (DURIO ZIBETHINUS MURR.) CULTIVARS ORIGINATED FROM VIETNAM, THAILAND AND MALAYSIA AS REVEALED BY INTER SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT (ISSR) MARKERS

Genetic diversity of 16 durian cultivars originated from Vietnam, Malaysia and Thailand was analyzed by using ISSR markers. Among 181 fragments that were generated by 13 ISSR primers, 165 fragments (91.1%) were shown polymorphism, on average, 12.7 polymorphic fragments per primer. Genetic relationships of 16 durian cultivars were clustered by UPGMA to demonstrate the differentiation of all cultivars and revealed the correlation between molecular grouping and geographical origin. The first cluster grouped the durian cultivars derived from Thailand. The second cluster included three cultivars from Vietnam, Chuong Bo, Sau Huu and Kho Qua, while the third cluster grouped two Malaysian cultivars, D10 and D24. The fourth and fifth clusters only contained D197 cultivar originated from Malaysia and HB11 cultivar supposed from Vietnam, respectively. Furthermore, ISSR primers, such as ISSR B2 and ISSR BB7, can be used to identify HB11 durian cultivar. Thus, DNA profile of 16 durian cultivars based on ISSR markers revealed the potential of digital fingerprinting of all cultivars examined.